Building construction



July 31,-;1945.

w. 8,. NORTH I BUILDING CONSTRUCTION I Filed 001,10, 1942 obooooaooooeo' INVENTOR Mum/1'5. /V0 H.

ATTORNEY Patented July 31, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

I smm'zx mms William 3. North, East Orange, N. J.

Application October '10, 194,2, Serial No. 461,524

6 Claims.

This invention relates to buildingconstructions and more particularly pertains to roofing and siding constructions for buildings, enclosures and the like, and to methods of applying such constructions. 7 z

The invention provides a roof and siding construction of the shingle type, employing composition. slate, wood, asbestos and cement shingles, ore-shingles of other. materials, wherein the shingles are disposed and secured in such manner that only a single overlapping of the successive rows of shingles is required, and no mechanical securing devices such as'clips or the like, are

required for the butt ends of the shingles, thereby providing a construction which is economical of material but in which there is no sacrifice of durability. Roof and siding constructions embodying the inventionare of considerable less weight than equivalent conventional arrangements and they can be applied with less manual effort and with relatively inexperienced labor. The composite construction embodying the invention' not only provides an exterior exposed surface, but also provides insulation against transmission of heat therethrough, and may constitute the entire structure of the wall or roof other than the structural supporting members such as studs, rafters, and the like.

The invention will be understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawing forming a part thereof, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a partial plan view of a roof or siding construction embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

' Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing another form of the invention; p r

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4-4 of F18. 3;

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. .1 but showing a further form of the invention;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on line H of Fig. l, and

Fig. 7 is a plan viewof another form of the struction, such as open sheathing or other arrangements. In laying the first course, a strip of water-proof material, such as asphalt, saturated and/or coated felt ii, having a width approximately equal to the length of theshingle to be used, is applied to the base Ill and preferably is tacked down to hold it in place. A course of shingles I: are laid in side-by-side relationship over the felt strip H, and are secured at their head ends to the base by driven elements, such as nails l3. composition or mixture, is applied by a pressure gun or otherwise, to the head end portions of the shingles l2, and a second strip of felt II is laid over the cemented. portions of the'ilrst course of shingles, as shown, and its lower edge is adhesively secured to the head ends of these shingles. Asecond course of shingles I2 is then laid over the second strip of felt, and the shingles are sea cured at their head ends by driven elements ll,

cement is applied to the head end portions of the shingles, and another strip of felt is laid and adhered to the, second course of shingles, and so on in this manner until the roof or siding is completed.

The form of the invention shown in Figs. 8 and 4 is like the form shown in Figs. 1 and 2, excepting that water-proofing cement i5 is also applied to the lower edge of each felt strip II to adhesively secure the butt ends of the shingles I! to the felts. The roof or siding construction will be applied in the same manner as previously described, excepting that the cement i5 is applied to the felt after the felt strip is laid and before the overlying shingle course is laid.

In the form ofthe invention illustrated in Figs.

, 5 and 6, felt It, instead of being imperforate or felt utilized with the form of the invention shown I understood that other structures may. be employed as the base for the roof or'sldlng consubstantially so. as in the forms previously described, is provided with a plurality of relatively closely spaced, small apertures ll in itslower edge portion, to receive and to retain a suitable waterproof cement which will adhere the felt it to the, baseill, or to the head ends of the shingles in the overlapped course, and will adhere the butt ends of the shingles II to the felt and to the base i! or the shingles in the overlapped course. As shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the lower edge of the felt is provided with two rows of apertures ll with the apertures in one row being staggered with respect to the apertures in the other row. More than two rows of apertures may be employed, if

desired, and the apertures may be arranged otherwise than in longitudinally extending rows. as shown. with two rows of apertures as shown in Fig. 5, the apertures may have a diameter of Water-proof cement M of any suitable may he used.

In applying the roof or siding construction of the form shown in Figs. and 6, a strip of felt it is laid on the base Ill, and the water-proof cement is applied by a pressure gun or otherwise, to the apertures l1 and to the felt immediately adjacent the apertures. The first course of shingles I2 is laid on the felt I6 and each shingle is secured at its head end to the base by nails is or other driven elements, after which another strip of felt it i laid with its lower edge portion overlapping the head ends of the first course of shingles, cement is applied to the apertures l1 and the adjacent felt areas, another course of shingles I2 is laid over the second strip of felt it, the shingles are secured to the base by nails l3, and so on in this manner until the roof or siding construction is completed. The felt may be indented very slightly in the area to which the cement is applied to guide in the application of the cement to the felt. The felt will absorb the oils in the cement and prevent the cement from running down the shingles.

As shown in Fig. 7. the felt i-G may have but a single row of apertures l8 For satisfactory results, these apertures may be of the order of three-elghths inch in diameter, although the invtention' is notlimited to apertures of this diame er.

From the foregoing, it will be perceived that a sound and durable roof or siding construction is provided, which is economical of materials and requires no mechanical securing means, such as a plicable to shingles of all suitable materials. It

is also applicable to slate shingles having veins or ribbons through which moisture ordinarily rises by capillary attraction or otherwise. This effect of these veins or ribbons may be prevented by coating the backs or lower surfaces of the shingles with a suitable water-proof material,

such as a cement or other mixture, ora waterproof cloth or felt or like material. The use of such a water-proof coating is not restricted to slate having veins or ribbons, but is also applicable to shingles of cementor asbestos or any other material where the same conditions apply, that is, the passage of moisture or dampness through the shingles from its lower to its upper side,

The forms of the invention disclosed are preferred forms and changes may be made in the form, location and relative arrangement of the several parts of the constructions disclosed without departing from the principles of the invention. In consequence, the invention is not to be limited excepting'by the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

l. A roof or siding construction comprising a base structure, overlapping courses of shingles on the base structure, felt underlying each, course of shingles and overlying the head end portions of each overlapped course, the felt having apertures in the portions thereof between the overlapping portions of the shingles, driven elements for securing the head of the shingles to the base structure, and cementing means in said apertures for securing the felt to the shingles between which it is positioned. v

2. A roof or siding construction comprising a base structure, overlapping courses of shingles on the base structure, felt underlying each course of shingles and overlying the head end portions of each overlapped course, the felt having apertures in the portions thereof between the overlapping portions of the shingles, driven elements for securing the heads of the shingles to the base structure, and cementing means in said apertures for securing the felt to the head end portions of the shingles in an overlapped course and to the butt ends of the shingles in the overlapping course.

3. A roof or siding construction comprising a base structure, overlapping courses of shingles on the base structure, felt underlying each course of shingles and overlying the head end portions of each overlapped course, the felt having apertures in the lower edge portion, driven elements for securing the heads of the shingles to the base structure, and cementing means in said apertures for securing the felt to the head end portions of the shingles in the overlapped course and to the butt end portions of the shingles in the overlapping course.

4. A roof or siding construction comprising a base structure, overlapping courses of shingles on the base structure, felt underlying each course of shingles and overlying the head end portions of each overlapped course, the felt having a plurality of rows of apertures in the lower edge portion, driven elements for securing the heads of the shingles to the base structure, and cementing means in said apertures for securing the felt to the head end portions of the shingles in the overlapped course and to the butt end portions of the shingles in the overlapping course.

5. A roof or siding construction comprising a base structure, overlapping courses of shingles on the base structure, felt underlying each course of shingles and overlying the head end portions of each overlapped course, the felt having a single row of apertures in the lower edge portion, driven elements for securing the heads of the shingles to .the base structure, and cementing means in said apertures for securing the felt to the head end portions of the shingles in the overlapped course and to the butt end portions of the shingles in the overlapping course.

6. A roof or siding construction comprising a base structure, overlapping courses of shingles on the base structure, felt underlying each course of shingles and overlying the head end portions of each overlapped course, the courses being laid in such manner that the head ends only of the shingles in each course are overlapped by but one other course, driven elements for securing the shingles to the base structure, the felt having apertures in the lower edge portion, and cementing means in said apertures for securing the felt to the head end-portions of the shingles in the overlapped course and to the butt end portions of the shingles in the overlapping course.

WILLIAM B. NORTH. 

